Note: This article, 'Sharp Practice in the Later Middle Ages: Exploring the Chromatic Semitone and its Implications', is presented here in PDF (Adobe Reader) format; it is designed to open by default into the top right window, as with all the other main texts, provided that you have a suitable PDF browser plug-in installed. Depending on your screen size, the text and music examples of the article may at first appear a little small or fuzzy, because of the PDF rendering at this size, though you should be able to zoom in a little to enlarge the text within this window. If you prefer, you can right-click or Ctrl-click on the article's Text link, and choose to open the link in a new window, which you can view in Full Screen mode instead. You can also use this method to Save the link (i.e. the PDF file) to your own computer, in order to store it and read offline. (Depending on your browser, you may be able to left-click the link as usual, and choose a Save to Disk option.)

The sound files which are integral to this article are indexed in a left-hand window which opens when you click either on the link in the main Contents window or here. These sound files are in MP3 format, which should play in any suitable application or plug-in that you have installed; the file, and hence your media player, is designed to open in the bottom right window (i.e. this one). Since some of these examples depend on hearing very fine nuances of interval, it is recommended that you listen to these files either through reasonably good speakers or high-quality earphones. If you wish to download a Zipped folder containing the complete set of sound files for the article, you can right-click or Ctrl-click the link at the top of the Index or here, and choose to Save the link (i.e. the Zip file) to your computer, which you will then need to unZip with a suitable utility. (As with the article text, depending on your browser, you may be able to left-click the link as usual, and choose a Save to Disk option.) You may find that reading the article and listening to the sound files offline in this way enables you to manage the navigation and file-handling more easily. Please note especially that the blue loudspeaker icons loudspeaker_blue in the article text, next to some of the music examples, are not themselves active links; they simply indicate that a sound file is available, through one of the above routes, for each of these examples.